Overview

This is a combination of two medicines: Tranexamic Acid and Ethamsylate. They work by preventing the breakdown of clots and control excessive bleeding. Ethamsylate is an effective medicine to prevent or stop bleeding from small blood vessels or capillaries. It is used to prevent or control the loss of excessive amounts of blood during menstrual periods or surgery. Tranexamic acid belongs to the class of medications called antifibrinolytic agents. In some cases, the body breaks down blood clots too fast, not allowing the bleeding to stop and the wound to heal. Tranexamic acid works by blocking the breakdown of clots in the body.

Indications

Used for prevention of haemorrhage in various conditions like :-

• Menorrhagia
• Metrorrhagia
• After abortion
• Post partum haemorrhage
• Epistaxis
• Melena
• Haematuria
• Haematemesis
• Haemoptysis

Contraindications

• Thromboembolic disorders
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage
• Massive upper urinary tract hemorrhage
• Color vision disorders
• Thrombophlebitis
• Hepatic impairment
• Severe renal impairment

  Pharmacology

  Pharmacodynamic Properties of Ethamsylate:

  Benzenesulfonate derivative, Systemic haemostatic It exerts haemostatic action by acting on the first step of haemostasis by improving platelet adhesiveness and restoring capillary resistance. It decreases bleeding time and increases platelet aggregation. It reduces capillary bleeding when platelets are adequate. The drug exerts antihyaluronidase action and improves capillary wall stability. It inhibits PGI-2 synthesis and correct abnormal platelet function.

  pharmacokinetics of ethamsylate:

  Absorption:Well absorbed orally.
  Distribution: Distributed in a protein bound form.
  Excretion: Excreted through urine as unchanged drug.
  

  Pharmacodynamic Properties of Tranexamic Acid:

  Tranexamic acid exerts antifibrinolytic effect by forming a reversible complex with plasminogen through the lysine binding site of fibrin and thus displaces the plasminogen from the fibrin surface ; preventing the binding of plasmin to fibrinogen or fibrin monomers. It inhibits the activation of plasminogen (i.e. formation of plasmin). It also acts as a weak non competitive inhibitor of plasmin and blocks it`s action on fibrin.

  Pharmacokinetics of Tranexamic Acid:

  Absorption:About 40% is absorbed orally.
  Distribution: Widely distributed in the body.
  Excretion:Excreted mainly as unchanged drug.
  

  Side Effects

  Very rare but the common side effects are:
  

  Nausea

  Diarrhea

  Gastrointestinal problems

  Headache

  Hypotension