Overview

Atmocal comprises of Alfacalcidol, Calcium carbonate and Betacarotene which is used for calcium metabolis, improvement of muscle strength, and requiring a prompt increase in blood plasma calcium concentrations. Alfacalcidol is an active metabolite of Vitamin D, which performs important functions in regulation of the calcium balance and the bone metabolism. Calcium carbonate is essential for maintaining the functional integrity of nervous, muscular, and skeletal system. Beta carotene promotes growth, the immune system.

Indications?

• Osteoporosis 
• Bone spur and Increase bone mineral density
• Enhances calcium absorption 
• Growth and repair of body tissues 
• Helps in formation of healthy bones & teeth, muscles, nervous system & heart.

Warning & Precautions

Consult your doctor or pharmacist before taking this combination if:

• You are allergic to any of this ingredients
• You are hypersensitive
• You are pregnant or planning to be become pregnant
• You have liver disease.

Contraindications

Second and third trimesters of pregnancy.

Biliary obstructive disorders.

Severe hepatic impairment.

Side Effects

Nausea

Upset stomach

Dry mouth

Diarrhoea

Headache

Dosage

Oral:
Disclaimer:To be taken only after consulting with the doctor.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics:

Pharmacodynamics Properties of Calcium Carbonate

Calcium Carbonate is essential for maintaining the functional integrity of nervous, muscular, coagulation of blood and skeletal system. It controls excitability of nerves and muscles and regulates permeability of cell membrane. It also regulates cell adhesion and maintains integrity of cell membrane. Calcium acts as intracellular messenger for hormones, autacoids, and transmitters. Plasma concentration of calcium is kept in normal range by three endocrine factors i.e,  Parathyroid hormone, Calcitonin, Vitamin D which control metabolism of calcium.

Pharmacodynamics Properties of Alfacalcidol

Alfacalcido is a Nutritional supplement,Vitamin D derivative, Antihypoparathyroid, Antihypocalcemic. It is Vitamin D-hormone analog which is due to increased concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the circulation, which leads to increased intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. This promotes bone mineralisation, reduces parathormone concentrations and inhibits bone resorption. 

Pharmacodynamic Properties of Beta Carotene

Beta carotene is a natural precursor to Vitamin A.It helps in maintains proper bone growthand maintenance of spermatogenesis.Oral administration of beta-carotene increases the serum concentration of beta-carotene by 60% but it does not change the concentration found in the heart, liver or kidneys. It ameliorates oxidative stress, enhances antioxidant activity and decreases apoptosis. It is thought to have detoxifying properties, as well as to help increase resistance to inflammation and infection and increase immune response and enhance RNA production

Pharmacokinetics:

Pharmacokinetics Properties of Calcium Carbonate

Absorption: Actively absorbed from gastrointestinal tract in an ionized form; and vitamin D in its active form is required for calcium absorption.
Distribution: Distributed mainly in to skeletal tissue (99%) and 1% is distributed equally between the intracellular and extra cellular fluid. CSF levels are about half of the serum calcium levels Metabolism: Not significantly metabolized in the body.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through faeces and a small amount is excreted through urine.

Pharmacokinetics Properties of Alfacalcidol

Absorption: Alfacalcidol is absorbed passively and almost completely in the small intestine.

Distribution: Widely distributed in a protein bound form. It is stored in adipose tissue and liver.
Metabolism: It is hydroxylated in to calcitriol in liver.
Half Life:The half-life of alfacalcidol is about 4 hours. The pharmacologic effect is 3-5 days.
Excretion: Excreted mainly through bile.

Pharmacokinetics Properties of Beta Carotene

Absorption: Readily absorbed from the normal gastrointestinal tract

Distribution: Stored primarily as palmitate in kupffer`s cells in liver. Circulates in the form of specific alpha-1 protein; retinol binding protein and transported to cellular retinol binding protein of target cells. 
Metabolism: Metabolized in the liver.
Half Life:The half-life of alfacalcidol is about 4 hours. The pharmacologic effect is 3-5 days.
Excretion:Excreted mainly through bile and a small amount is excreted through urine.

Interactions

• Calcium products bind to quinolones and tetracycline antibiotics in the intestine and can prevents their absorption into the body
• Calcium carbonate containing products reduce acidity in the stomach. The reduction of acid decreases the absorption of iron from the intestine. Therefore, doses of calcium and iron should be separated by several hours.